Fri Sep 16 2022

28 articles - From Friday Sep 09 2022 to Friday Sep 16 2022

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Guidelines

Guidelines, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…


Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

J Crohns Colitis

Opportunistic Infections in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated with Advanced Therapies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Different mechanisms of action may have specific OIs profiles. In the absence of a uniform definition of OIs, these estimates are less reliable. We propose a definition to be used in future studies to help standardized reporting. When using this definition, we saw significant differences in incidence rates of OIs across mechanisms of action.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

A Randomized Dietary Intervention to Increase Colonic and Peripheral Blood Short-Chain Fatty Acids Modulates the Blood B- and T-cell Compartments in Healthy Humans.

Increasing colonic and peripheral blood SCFA has discrete effects on circulating immune cells in healthy humans following 3-week intervention. Further studies, e.g., in patients with inflammatory disease, are necessary to determine if these changes have immunomodulatory effects, whether these are therapeutically beneficial, and whether prolonged intake might be required. Clinical trial registry Australian New Zealand Clinical trials registry ACTRN12618001054202. .

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Association between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentrations and mortality among individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: a prospective cohort study.

This study suggested a nonlinearly inverse association between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and all-cause mortality among patients with MAFLD/NAFLD, with a threshold effect at around 50.0 nmol/L of serum 25(OH)D.

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Associations of dietary diversity with the gut microbiome, fecal metabolites, and host metabolism: results from 2 prospective Chinese cohorts.

These results suggest that high dietary diversity is associated with the gut microbial environment. The identified key microbes and metabolites may serve as hypotheses to test for preventing metabolic diseases.

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Gut microbiota and acylcarnitine metabolites connect the beneficial association between equol and adiposity in adults: a prospective cohort study.

This study suggests a beneficial association between equol and obesity that mediated by the gut microbiome and acylcarnitine in adults.

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Identifying cancer cachexia in patients without weight loss information: machine learning approaches to address a real-world challenge.

We developed a ML model that can facilitate the identification of cancer cachexia in patients without weight loss information, which might improve decision-making and lead to the development of novel management strategies in cancer care.

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Systematic literature review: should a bedtime snack be used to treat hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes?

Current advice to consume a bedtime snack is based on a limited number of intervention studies that often do not include a no snack control, nor have used a feasible bedtime snack option that could be translated into every day clinical practice. Further research is needed in type 2 diabetes patients treated with or without insulin.PROSPERO Registration Number CRD42020182523.

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The effect of dechitinization on iron absorption from mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor) flour added to maize meals: stable-isotope studies in young females with low iron stores.

T. molitor biomass does not strongly affect iron absorption when added to maize porridge. Our data suggest T. molitor iron is absorbed from the common nonheme iron pool. Native T. molitor is high in iron which is moderately well absorbed, suggesting it could be a valuable dietary iron source.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

Higher Cell-Mediated Immune Responses in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease on Anti-TNF Therapy After COVID-19 Vaccination.

Most patients with IBD achieved CMIR to a COVID-19 vaccine. Future studies are needed evaluating sustained CMIR and clinical outcomes.

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Humoral Immunogenicity After Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Under Immunosuppressive Therapy: Should We Prioritize an Additional Booster Injection?

IBD patients treated with immunomodulators, anti-tumor necrosis factor a agents and corticosteroids presented significantly lower anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels following complete vaccination when compared with healthy control subjects. These findings support the benefit of additional booster injections in this population.

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Infliximab Trough Levels Are Associated With Transmural Sonographic Healing in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Lower maintenance infliximab levels are associated with sonographic parameters of inflammation in UC and CD. Further studies are needed to determine whether targeting higher infliximab levels can increase sonographic healing.

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J Crohns Colitis

Incidence, prevalence, disease course and treatment strategy of Crohn's disease patients from the Veszprem cohort, Western Hungary - a population-based inception cohort study between 2007 and 2018.

The incidence of CD in Hungary was high, similar to high-incidence areas in Western Europe. Treatment strategies are reflecting the biological era. Disease behavior progression was lower, as well as long-term (10y) surgery rates decreased compared to data from previous decades.

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Prophylactic medication for the prevention of endoscopic recurrence in Crohn's disease: a prospective study based on clinical risk stratification.

Adherence to this management algorithm is 65%. Prophylactic medication after ICR prevents endoscopic recurrence in low and high-risk patients. Clinical risk stratification has an acceptable predictive value, but further refinement is needed.

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Successful Dietary Therapy in Paediatric Crohn's Disease is Associated with Shifts in Bacterial Dysbiosis and Inflammatory Metabotype Towards Healthy Controls.

Successful dietary therapy induced correction of both compositional and functional dysbiosis. However, 12 weeks of diet was not enough to achieve complete correction of dysbiosis. Our data suggests that composition and metabotype are important and change quickly during the early clinical response to dietary intervention. Correction of dysbiosis may therefore be an important future treatment goal for CD.

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Pancreas

An Examination of Donor Factors That Impact the Results of the Glucagon Stimulation Test as an Assessment of the Pancreatic Graft Endocrine Function.

To secure insulin independence after pancreas transplantation, which means maintaining a delta C-peptide level of 1.0 ng/mL or greater on a glucagon stimulation test, the utilization of donors, who possesses more than equal to 3 of the donor factors identified in this study, should be carefully considered.

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Association Between Clinical Backgrounds and Malignant Progression of Suspected Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm.

Understanding the interactions between background factors can effectively prevent IPMNs' malignant transformation.

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Decreased Intestinal Microbiota Diversity Is Associated With Increased Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients With Chronic Pancreatitis.

These findings indicate that changes in gut microbial community structure may contribute to gastrointestinal symptoms and provide basis for future studies on whether enrichment of healthy commensal bacteria such as Faecalibacterium could provide clinically meaningful improvements in outcomes for CP patients undergoing TPIAT.

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Patient Preferences for Neoadjuvant Therapy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Among a national cohort of PDAC survivors and caregivers, the majority preferred SF for resectable PDAC, whereas NT was preferred when the resectability of a tumor was in question. The impact of NT on quantity and quality of life, as well as the likelihood of achieving surgical resection, was most highly valued by participants.

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Perioperative Coagulation Changes in Total Pancreatectomy and Islet Autotransplantation.

Apart from the immediate period after islet cell and heparin infusion, patients undergoing TPIAT are generally hypercoagulable leading to a high rate of thrombotic complications. Portal vein thrombosis development had minimal association with systemic derangements in coagulation as it is likely driven by localized inflammation at the time of islet cell infusion. This study may provide the groundwork for future studies to identify improvements in thrombotic complications.

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Pharmacological Ascorbate Enhances Chemotherapies in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

The addition of P-AscH- to standard of care chemotherapy has the potential to be an effective adjuvant for PDAC treatment.

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Prophylaxis of Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis Using Temporary Pancreatic Stents Versus Rectal Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Rectal administration of 50 mg of diclofenac may become a first-line therapy for PEP prophylaxis in our country.

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Pancreatology

Accuracy and agreement of a large panel of endosonographers for endomicroscopy-guided virtual biopsy of pancreatic cystic lesions.

Diagnosis of PCLs by EUS-nCLE guided virtual biopsy is very accurate and reliable for the most prevalent pancreatic cysts in clinical practice.

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STAM binding protein regulated by hsa_circ_0007334 exerts oncogenic potential in pancreatic cancer.

These results indicated that STAMBP depended on its deubiquitinase activities to induce the malignant behaviors of PC cells and was involved in the regulatory mechanism of hsa_circ_0007334 on PC cell mobility. Our findings provide a novel insight into the molecular mechanism of PC.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Liver Transpl

Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network HCC Classification: Alignment with LI-RADS, Current Gaps, and Future Direction.

However, despite this significant milestone, OPTN allocation policy may benefit from further refinements such as adoption of treatment response assessment criteria after locoregional therapy (LRT) and categorization criteria for lesions with atypical imaging appearances that are not specific for HCC. In this review, we detail the changes to OPTN HCC classification to achieve alignment with LI-RADS, discuss current limitations of the OPTN classification, and explore future directions.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

Diversifying your diet portfolio: potential impacts of dietary diversity on the gut microbiome and human health.

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Search Announcement: Editors-in-Chief: Advances in Nutrition The Journal of Nutrition.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

Rectally Administrated Thioguanine for Distal Ulcerative Colitis: A Multicenter Case Series.

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J Crohns Colitis

Beyond the White pill: Advocating for racial diversity in IBD trials.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies